What are the Classification of Bridges~Types, Span, Functions and Construction?

Bridges is to make a passage over an obstacle, river or valley. Classification of bridges is done based on the span, depth, topography of the region.

There is a large number of classification of bridges based upon the function. Below are the most used types of bridges in the world.

Table Content

1.Classification of bridges based on the superstructure of the bridge

a. Arch Bridge
b. Girder Bridge
c.Suspension Bridge
d. Truss bridges
2. Classification of bridges based on the types of material
a. RCC Bridge
b. Timber bridge
c. Steel Bridge
d. Masonry bridges
3. Other types of bridges
a. Over bridges
b. Under bridges

Let Us Discuss Briefly

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

1.Classification of bridges based on the superstructure of the bridge

a. Arch Bridge

The arch bridge has been using for over 3000 years. It is one of the oldest and popular types of bridges. The arch bridges are designed in curve shape as shown in the figure below.

The support between the arches carries the total load. These supports are called abutments. They are usually masonry structures.

b. Girder Bridge

A girder bridge is mostly used in the modern world. It can carry huge loads. It consists of steel I section and box sections. It consist of deck slabs, the deck slab is made up of RC structures or steel structures.

The deck slab and girders together resist the load coming on the bridge The picture of girder bridge is shown below.

c.Suspension Bridge

Suspension bridge a type of bridge in which deck slab is carried by using ropes as shown in the figure below. They are used commonly for a longer span and they are good in appearance.

d. Truss bridges

2. Classification of bridges based on the types of material

a. RCC Bridge

Reinforced cement concrete are used for RCC bridge structures. They are the commonly used type of bridges nowadays.

b. Timber bridge

Timber bridge has been using since old days. Timber bridges are used for short spans bridges. They are mostly used as temporary bridges.

c. Steel Bridge

Steel bridges are made up of steel. They are mainly used for long-span bridges, railway bridges and footbridges. Steel bridges can be used for built span for any length and it has high durability.

Steel bridge can bear large loads and it is not economical.

d. Masonry bridges

Bricks and stones are used for the construction of masonry bridges. Masonry bridges are normally used for short span bridges.

3. Other types of bridges

a. Over bridges

Over bridges are mostly used for city having heavy traffic block.To reduce the traffic block, a bridge is constructed over the main road at junctions to maintain a continuous flow of vehicles

b. Under bridges

Comments

What is Slump Test of Concrete-Cone Test Procedure | Workability of Concrete

Slump Test of Concrete-Cone Test Procedure | Workability of Concrete Slump test procedure is to determine the workability of concrete. One of the major problems that you had faced in your field work is concrete compaction during mixing.After mix design, you may have doubt, is this design will be ok? Yes, your design willl be ok in terms of strenght point of view of concrete.But the main problem arises when the mixing of fresh concrete, the compaction of fresh concrete will be very tough.In this situation, you can add some plasticizers without affecting your water-cement ratio or cement-aggregate ratio. Before adding plasticizers or superplasticizers to your fresh concrete, you need to check the workability of your concrete.The slump test is used for checking the workability of concrete.Let us check how can we do slump test of fresh concrete. Apparatus used for cone test procedure 1)Measuring scale 2)Tamping rod 3)Base plate 4)Nonporous base plate 5)Mould for slump test. ...

WHAT ARE THE DESIGN PROCEDURES FOR A BUILDING FOUNDATION?

DESIGN PROCEDURES FOR A BUILDING FOUNDATION 1. DECIDE THE LOCATION OF COLUMNS & FOUNDATION AND TYPE OF LOADS ACTING ON THEM.(E.X DEAL LOAD, LIVE LOAD OR WIND LOAD) 2. ESTIMATE ALLOWABLE BEARING PRESSURE OF SOIL USING GROUND INVESTIGATION REPORT. 3. DECIDE DEPTH OF FOUNDATION 4. CALCULATE FOUNDATION AREA 5. DETERMINE VARIATION IN VERTICAL STRESSES 6. CALCULATE SETTLEMENT 7. COST CONTROL 8. CONSIDER TIME 9. VARIATION IN GROUND CONDITION 1. DECIDE THE LOCATION OF COLUMNS & FOUNDATION AND TYPE OF LOADS ACTING ON THEM.(E.X DEAL LOAD, LIVE LOAD OR WIND LOAD) On the building plan, the position of columns and load bearing walls should be marked, and any other induced loading and bending moments. The loads should be classified into dead, imposed and wind loading, giving the appropriate partial safety factors for these loads. 2. ESTIMATE ALLOWABLE BEARING PRESSURE OF SOIL USING GROUND INVESTIGATION REPORT. From a study of the site ground investigation (if available), th...

What’s the difference between m20 and c20 grade concrete?

A concrete of Grade C20 means that the concrete will have a compression resistance of 20 N/mm² per square millimeter in 28 days. Proportion for grade C20. C20 is 1:2:4 (1 part cement, 2 parts fine aggregate, and 4 parts coarse aggregate.) where as C20 symbolizes a Cylindrical sample in which cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates are mixed in such a ratio that its characteristic compressive strength is 20 N/mm² after 28 days of curing. Fig:- Concrete specimen for testing Generally Strength of Cylinder sample= 0.8 x Strength of Cube. example:- M20 is equivalent to C25 M20 means the grade of concrete is defined as the minimum strength of concrete after 28 days. For the M20 Grade of concrete, The letter ‘M’ refers to the mix, and 20 represents the characteristic strength of concrete in MPa or N/mm². The specified characteristic strength of concrete is determined for 150mm size cube at 28 days. The Characteristic Compressive strength of concrete is defined as the strength of conc...

Different methods of road construction in civil engineering

Different methods of road construction in civil engineering 1) Concrete: It is a common option for road construction purposes as they are a solid material and can be used for building walls and local roads. This method is considerably less prone to wear and tear defects like rutting, cracking, stripping loss of texture, and potholes. This is the main reason for its wide usage. 2) Asphalt: This method of construction replacing concrete method in these days. They are very durable, water-resistant and can go more longer then the concrete. The major advantage of asphalt over concrete is its price. Concrete is very expensive as compared to asphalt. Moreover, asphalt includes low noise during pavement and it is easy to handle it for repairing and maintenance. That is why it is widely accepted and used by the people for the purpose of pavement surfacing. 3) Composite: This method is widely used for the maintenance, recycling, and rehabilitation of the roads. The composite m...

#4 Basic Factors Why Concentrate Cracks?

WHAT IS CONCRETE : Concrete is a building material which made from mixture of cement , sand ,crush or gravel and water. and we poured this mixture in the form work which can give us the different shapes of element like stone which is too mush strong. WHY CONCRETE CRACKS : 1: Excess of water in concrete 2: Improper Compaction of concrete 3: Rapid drying of concrete 4: Temperature Variation 1: EXCESS OF WATER IN CONCRETE Concrete does not required much water to get maximum strength . we required limit water in concrete to achieve the maximum strength of concrete . when we increase the water in concrete so it can lose the strength , so therefore concrete can crack. water is just reducing in concrete to make workabality of concrete . so increasing of water can reduce the strength of concrete. 2: IMPROPER COMPACTION OF CONCRETE before placing concrete we have to proper compact the soil. and after that when we placed concrete so concrete should be compacted properly . when the con...

Design Requirement of reinforced Concentrate slab

Table Content 1 Effective span for concentrate slab design 2 Limiting stiffness 3 Minimum reinforcement 4 Maximum diameter of bar 5 Distribution reinforcement concentrate for slab design 6 Cover to reinforcement Let discuss briefly '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 1. Effective Span for concrete slab design For simply supported slab Minimum of clear span plus effective depth of slab Center to center...

What Is Splicing of Reinforcement Bars?,Rebar Formula and Brief Example

What Is Splicing of Reinforcement Bars? 🏷Splicing of reinforcement bars, commonly known as rebars, refers to the process of connecting two or more rebars in a reinforced concrete structure to ensure a continuous and load-resistant structure. 🚧It is a critical practice in construction to transfer the stresses from one bar to another effectively, maintaining structural integrity. 💫Methods of Splicing Reinforcement Bars There are three primary methods of splicing reinforcement bars: ❇️1. Lap Splice A lap splice is the most widely used method in reinforced concrete structures. In this technique, two rebars are overlapped and tied together using binding wires. The overlap length, also known as the lap length, is crucial for ensuring the splice’s strength. ⏺It is determined based on factors such as: • The diameter of the rebars. • The grade of concrete. • The specific application of the structure. ▶️The lap splice is easy to implement and cost-effective but may require additional con...

Civil engineering board and affiliate programs

Search This Blog

What are the Classification of Bridges~Types, Span, Functions and Construction?